Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action
Gentamicin has a broad spectrum of activity that includes most bacterial isolates in animals, including staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli of the Enterobacteriaceae. The half-life is typically 1-2 hours in
mammals, and the volume of distribution is approximately 0.2-0.3 L/kg.
Indications and Clinical Uses
Gentamicin has a rapid, bactericidal action and is indicated for acute serious infections, such as those caused by gram-negative bacilli. Gentamicin has been administered IM, SQ, and IV. Gentamicin, like other aminoglycosides, can be used with beta-lactam antibiotics because it broadens the spectrum when
used with drugs such as penicillin, ampicillin, or cephalosporins.
Contraindications and Precautions
Do not administer to animals with compromised renal function, renal
insufficiency, or renal failure.
Drug Interactions
Do not mix in vial or syringe with other antibiotics. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are potentiated by loop diuretics such as furosemide.
Small Animal Dosage
Dogs
• 2-4 mg/kg q8h or 9-14 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or IV. Once-daily administration is usually the preferred interval.
Cats
• 5-8 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or IV.
Once-daily administration is usually the preferred interval.
Large Animal Dosage
Calves
• Younger than 2 weeks: 12-15 mg/kg q24h IV or IM.
• Adult cattle: 5-6 mg/kg q24h IM or I
Pack: 30 mL & 100 mL glass vial
