Definition and Etiology Hypomagnesemic tetany in cow (lactation tetany/ grass tetany/grass staggers) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hypomagnesemia (<1.5 mg/dl in serum), hyperexcitability, muscular spasm, seizures, respiratory distress, collapse, and death. It occurs in calves aged between 2 and 4 months which are fed exclusively on milk because of the fall in the […]
January 2025
Ketosis
Definition and Etiology Ketosis is a multifactorial disorder of energy metabolism in high yielding dairy animals after calving. The negative energy balance (NEB) results in hypoglycaemia, ketonemia (accumulation of acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone in blood) and ketonuria. The causal factors of ketosis are (i) dietary factors (starvation/loss of appetite or feeding of low carbohydrate diet/excess […]
Milk Fever
Definition and Etiology Milk fever – also known as parturient paresis, hypocalcaemia, paresis puerperalis, parturient apoplexy – is a condition of adult dairy animals wherein severe deficiency of calcium (acute hypocalcaemia) causes acute to per acute, afebrile, f flaccid paralysis most commonly at or just after parturition. Dairy animals are at considerable risk for hypocalcaemia […]
